LDAP
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
A protocol for querying and modifying directory services like Active Directory.
LDAP is the protocol used to query and update directory services that store users, groups, and resource attributes, with Active Directory as a common implementation. It centralizes authentication and authorization data so applications can validate identities consistently. Plain LDAP can transmit credentials in cleartext, so LDAPS or StartTLS is used to encrypt the channel. It is also a target for injection attacks when input is not sanitized, paralleling SQL injection in directory queries.
Looking LDAP up is step one. Getting tested on it is step two.
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