P2P

A decentralized network model; a channel for data leakage and malware.

Peer-to-Peer is a decentralized network design in which nodes communicate directly and share resources without relying on a central server. While useful for file sharing and distributed applications, it is a common channel for data leakage, unlicensed content, and malware distribution because traffic bypasses centralized inspection points. Botnets sometimes use P2P architectures for command and control to avoid a single point of failure that defenders could take down. Organizations frequently block or monitor P2P traffic to reduce these exposures.