BGP

The routing protocol of the internet; route hijacking targets it.

BGP is the path-vector protocol that exchanges routing information between autonomous systems, effectively steering traffic across the internet. Because it historically trusts advertised routes, it is vulnerable to route or prefix hijacking, where an attacker announces address blocks they do not own to intercept, blackhole, or reroute traffic. Mitigations include route filtering and origin validation through RPKI. On the exam, connect BGP to availability and on-path threats at internet scale rather than to local network segmentation.