ML

A subset of AI where systems learn patterns from data, used in detection and attacks.

Machine learning lets systems infer patterns from data rather than relying on fixed rules, which underpins modern anomaly detection, spam filtering, and behavioral analytics. In security it improves detection of novel threats but also empowers attackers who craft adaptive malware or evade classifiers. Defenders should understand risks such as adversarial inputs crafted to fool the classifier and poisoning of training data that corrupts future decisions. Outputs are probabilistic, so human review and tuning remain necessary to manage false positives and negatives.